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DBMS > Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB vs. Oracle vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Widely used RDBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasehelp.sap.com/­hana
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOntotextOracleSAP
Initial release20082005200019802010
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.3.3, December 202310.4, October 202323c, September 20232.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaErlangJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infovia viewsyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleSQLScript, R
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0noneSharding, horizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesnono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMOracleSAP HANA
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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