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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score0.00
Rank#379  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#291  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#132  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.hawkular.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasespark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperBlazegraphCommunity supported by Red HatLeanXcaleMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20062014201520102014
Current release2.1.5, March 2019V123.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languagenoyes infothrough Apache DerbyyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
HTTP RESTJDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLno
Triggersnoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infobased on Cassandrayes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes, with always 3 replicas availablenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
BlazegraphHawkular MetricsLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureSpark SQL
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