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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Oracle vs. StarRocks

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Oracle vs. StarRocks

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonStarRocks  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWidely used RDBMSAn open source, high-performance columnar analytical database that enables real-time, multi-dimensional, and highly concurrent data analytics infoForked from Apache Doris
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score1.04
Rank#189  Overall
#88  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.starrocks.io
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.starrocks.io/­en-us/­latest/­introduction/­StarRocks_intro
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOracleThe Linux Foundation infosince Feb 2023
Initial release2014200819802020
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20194.1.3, July 202323c, September 20232.5.3, March 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++C++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
MySQL protocol
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleuser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by range and hash)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyesno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixCassandraOracleStarRocks
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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