DBMS > Apache Kylin vs. Cassandra vs. CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Kylin vs. Cassandra vs. CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

kylin.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

dgraph.io

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

kylin.apache.org/docs

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

dgraph.io/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Cockroach Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Microsoft

Initial release

2015

2008

2015

2016

2010

Current release

3.1.0, July 2020

4.1.3, July 2023

23.1.1, May 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Role-based access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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