DBMS > Apache Impala vs. MariaDB vs. MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr
System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. MariaDB vs. MongoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr
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| Name | Apache Impala Xexclude from comparison | MariaDB Xexclude from comparison | MongoDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Solr Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Analytic DBMS for Hadoop | MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL. | One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Document store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Search engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store | Document store Graph DBMS with OQGraph storage engineSpatial DBMS | Spatial DBMS Search engine integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.Time Series DBMS Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0Vector DBMS currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | impala.apache.org | mariadb.com Site of MariaDB Corporation mariadb.org Site of MariaDB Foundation | www.mongodb.com | www.postgresql.org | solr.apache.org | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html | mariadb.com/kb/en/library | www.mongodb.com/docs/manual | www.postgresql.org/docs | solr.apache.org/resources.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Apache Software Foundation Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera | MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise), MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL | MongoDB, Inc | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Apache Software Foundation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2013 | 2009 Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995 | 2009 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2006 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 4.1.0, June 2022 | 11.3.2, February 2024 | 6.0.7, June 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 9.6.0, April 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache Version 2 | Open Source GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available | Open Source MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available. | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas) | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant. |
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| Implementation language | C++ | C and C++ | C++ | C | Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux | FreeBSD Linux Solaris Windows ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | All OS with a Java VM runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes Dynamic columns are supported | schema-free Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema. | yes | yes Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial | yes | yes supports customizable data types and automatic typing | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SQL-like DML and DDL statements | yes with proprietary extensions | Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface | yes standard with numerous extensions | Solr Parallel SQL Interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC ODBC Proprietary native API | GraphQL HTTP REST Prisma proprietary protocol using JSON | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC | Ada C C# C++ D Eiffel Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | Actionscript unofficial driver C C# C++ Clojure unofficial driverColdFusion unofficial driverD unofficial driverDart unofficial driverDelphi unofficial driverErlang Go Groovy unofficial driverHaskell Java JavaScript Kotlin Lisp unofficial driverLua unofficial driverMatLab unofficial driverPerl PHP PowerShell unofficial driverProlog unofficial driverPython R unofficial driverRuby Rust Scala Smalltalk unofficial driverSwift | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net Erlang Java JavaScript any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes user defined functions and integration of map-reduce | yes PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3 | JavaScript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Java plugins | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | yes | yes in MongoDB Atlas only | yes | yes User configurable commands triggered on index changes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding | Sharding Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime. | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | selectable replication factor | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes query execution via MapReduce | no | yes | no | spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency can be individually decided for each read operation Immediate Consistency default behaviour | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID not for MyISAM storage engine | Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation | ACID | optimistic locking | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes not for in-memory storage engine | yes optional, enabled by default | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | yes with MEMORY storage engine | yes In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2 | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Apache Impala | MariaDB | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | Solr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON... » more | MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases.... » more | Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability... » more | AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured... » more | ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,... » more | Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,... » more | MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Apache Impala | MariaDB | MongoDB | PostgreSQL | Solr | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | MariaDB strengthens its position in the open source RDBMS market PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Big gains for Relational Database Management Systems in DB-Engines Ranking | Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Elasticsearch replaced Solr as the most popular search engine Enterprise Search Engines almost double their popularity in the last 12 months The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop provided by Google News RECOMMENDED CASH OFFER for MARIADB PLC by MERIDIAN BIDCO LLC which is an Affiliate of K1 INVESTMENT ... Private equity offer for MariaDB gets thumbsup from shareholders MariaDB plc: Shareholders speak, but execs are quiet MariaDB (NYSE:MRDB) Shares Up 1.1% MariaDB shareholders approve private equity takeover provided by Google News Top MongoDB Interview Questions and Answers Loss-Making MongoDB, Inc. (NASDAQ:MDB) Expected To Breakeven In The Medium-Term MongoDB Furthers Commitment to Security and Compliance with New Industry Certifications MongoDB (NASDAQ:MDB) Shares Down 2.8% MongoDB Stock Sinks As Market Gains: Here's Why provided by Google News Enterprise DB begins rolling AI features into PostgreSQL How LeadSquared accelerated chatbot deployments with generative AI using Amazon Bedrock and Amazon Aurora ... Nutanix partners with EDB to fit database service for AI – Blocks and Files How to Import CSV Data Into PostgreSQL Using Spring Boot Batch EDB unveils EDB Postgres AI provided by Google News Closing Bell: Solar Alliance Energy Inc flat on Tuesday (SOLR) SOLR-led walkout demands better conditions for Compass workers (SOLR) Technical Data SOLR hosts teach-in of labor movements at Northwestern SOLR hosts May Day amid ongoing contract negotiations provided by Google News | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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