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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GreptimeDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GreptimeDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGreptimeDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiencyMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.12
Rank#351  Overall
#34  Time Series DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1244.08
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#367  Overall
#56  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orggreptime.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databasegithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdb
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.greptime.comlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasebytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGreptime Inc.MicrosoftOracleByteDance, originally Terark
Initial release20132022198919802016
Current release4.1.0, June 2022SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted open source version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++RustC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesschema-free, schema definition possibleyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePythonTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSimple rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaGreptimeDBMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleTerarkDB
Specific characteristicsGreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more
Competitive advantages- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more
Typical application scenariosFor IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more
Key customersGreptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more
Market metricsGreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGreptimeDBMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleTerarkDB
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