DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. NCache vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. FoundationDB vs. NCache vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Open-Source and Enterprise in-memory Key-Value Store

Widely used RDBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Wide column store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Search engine

Using distributed Lucene

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#195	Overall
	#29	Key-value stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.alachisoft.com/ncache

www.oracle.com/database

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

apple.github.io/foundationdb

www.alachisoft.com/resources/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

FoundationDB

Alachisoft

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2008

2013

2005

1980

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.3, July 2023

6.2.28, November 2020

5.3.3, April 2024

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Enterprise Edition available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C#, .NET, .NET Core, Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

partial

Supported data types are Lists, Queues, Hashsets, Dictionary and Counter

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like query syntax and LINQ for searching the cache. Cache Synchronization with SQL Server using SQL dependency.

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

IDistributedCache
JCache
LINQ
Proprietary native API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
.Net Core
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

support for stored procedures with SQL-Server CLR

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

Triggers

yes

Notifications

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

yes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

yes, with selectable consistency level

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Strong Eventual Consistency over WAN with Conflict Resolution using Bridge Topology

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

optimistic locking and pessimistic locking

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Authentication to access the cache via Active Directory/LDAP (possible roles: user, administrator)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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NCache has been the market leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005 . NCache...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NCache is 100% .NET/ .NET Core based which fully supports ASP.NET Core Sessions ,...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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NCache enables industries like retail, finance, banking IoT, travel, ecommerce, healthcare...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Bank of America, Citi, Natures Way, Charter Spectrum, Barclays, Henry Schein, GBM,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Market Leader in .NET Distributed Caching since 2005.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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NCache Open Source is free on an as-is basis without any support. NCache Enterprise...
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