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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used RDBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgblazegraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwiki.blazegraph.comlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasewww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsBlazegraphMicrosoftOracleDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20122006201419802000
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.1.5, March 201923c, September 20233.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
server-less
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesyes infoJSON typesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSPARQL is used as query languageSQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
TriggersnonoJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in Graphsnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Apache DruidBlazegraphMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracleSQLite
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