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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. ArangoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OceanBase

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. ArangoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. OceanBase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonOceanBase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed, high available RDBMS compatible with Oracle and MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Wide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#90  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#147  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgarangodb.comcassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spanneren.oceanbase.com
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designdocs.arangodb.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsen.oceanbase.com/­docs/­oceanbase-database
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTubeInstagram
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsArangoDB Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleOceanBase infopreviously Alibaba and Ant Group
Initial release20122012200820172010
Current release29.0.1, April 20243.11.5, November 20234.1.3, July 20234.3.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoCommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada infoin MySQL-compatible model
C infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++ infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D infoin MySQL-compatible model
Delphi infoin MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel infoin MySQL-compatible model
Erlang infoin MySQL-compatible model
Haskell infoin MySQL-compatible model
Java infoin Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js) infoin MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C infoin MySQL-compatible model
OCaml infoin MySQL-compatible model
Perl infoin MySQL-compatible model
PHP infoin MySQL-compatible model
Python infoin MySQL-compatible model
Ruby infoin MySQL-compatible model
Scheme infoin MySQL-compatible model
Tcl infoin MySQL-compatible model
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptnonoPL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infosince version 2.0Sharding infono "single point of failure"Shardinghorizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemyesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidArangoDBCassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerOceanBase
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
OceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
High Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
OceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
TPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
Apache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Mulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
» more

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Apache DruidArangoDBCassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerOceanBase
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