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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Teradata

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Teradata

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score45.33
Rank#21  Overall
#15  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.teradata.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.teradata.com
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MicrosoftMicrosoftTeradata
Initial release2012201019891984
Current releaseV12SQL Server 2022, November 2022Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
Windows
hosted
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes infoJoin-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyesyes infoSQL 2016 + extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
HTTP REST
JDBC
JMS Adapter
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C++
Cobol
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
Perl
PL/1
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoUDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infoHashing
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerTeradata
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