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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MicrosoftMicrosoftVesoft Inc.
Initial release2012201019892019
Current releaseV12SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageCC++C++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerNebulaGraph
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