DB-EnginesInfluxDB: Focus on building software with an easy-to-use serverless, scalable time series platformEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Neo4j vs. Oracle

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcloud.google.com/­spannerneo4j.comwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsneo4j.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)GoogleNeo4j, Inc.Oracle
Initial release2012201720071980
Current release5.19, April 202423c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCJava, ScalaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and FunctionsPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftGoogle Cloud SpannerNeo4jOracle
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

This Week in Neo4j: GraphRAG, Knowledge Graphs, Open Source AI, GraphQL and more
4 May 2024

This Week in Neo4j: Nodes 2024, Data Modelling, Events, Knowledge Graphs and more
27 April 2024

GQL is Here: Your Cypher Queries in a GQL World
26 April 2024

GQL: The ISO Standard for Graphs Has Arrived
25 April 2024

What Is Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)?
24 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more
Navicat for Oracle improves the efficiency and productivity of Oracle developers and administrators with a streamlined working environment.
» more

Devart ODBC driver for Oracle accesses Oracle databases from ODBC-compliant reporting, analytics, BI, and ETL tools on both 32 and 64-bit Windows, macOS, and Linux.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Amazon RedshiftGoogle Cloud SpannerNeo4jOracle
DB-Engines blog posts

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

Increased popularity for consuming DBMS services out of the cloud
2 October 2015, Paul Andlinger

show all

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019
3 January 2020, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire
2 May 2017, Paul Andlinger

Architecting eCommerce Platforms for Zero Downtime on Black Friday and Beyond
25 November 2016, Tony Branson (guest author)

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Oracle Cloud World
Las Vegas, 9-12 September 2024

Recent citations in the news

Revolutionizing data querying: Amazon Redshift and Visual Studio Code integration | Amazon Web Services
2 May 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift adds new AI capabilities, including Amazon Q, to boost efficiency and productivity | Amazon Web ...
29 November 2023, AWS Blog

Power analytics as a service capabilities using Amazon Redshift | Amazon Web Services
17 April 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift announces programmatic access to Advisor recommendations via API
8 February 2024, AWS Blog

Amazon Redshift now supports multi-data warehouse writes through data sharing (preview)
26 November 2023, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google Cloud Spanner competes directly with Amazon DynamoDB
12 October 2023, Techzine Europe

More AI Added to Google Cloud's Databases
28 February 2024, Datanami

provided by Google News

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Neo4j Is Planning IPO on Nasdaq, Largest Owner Greenbridge Says
15 February 2024, Bloomberg

Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure
4 April 2024, InfoWorld

Neo4j CTO says new Graph Query Language standard will have 'massive ripple effects'
26 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Leveraging Neo4j and Amazon Bedrock for an Explainable, Secure, and Connected Generative AI Solution | Amazon ...
10 November 2023, AWS Blog

provided by Google News

Announcing Oracle Database 23ai : General Availability
2 May 2024, Oracle

Amazon RDS for Oracle now supports April 2024 Release Update
6 May 2024, AWS Blog

Oracle renames Database 23c to 23ai, makes it generally available
2 May 2024, InfoWorld

Oracle's database family gets trendy AI makeover
4 May 2024, The Register

Oracle Database 23ai - all of your data should be in one place, argues CTO Larry Ellison
3 May 2024, diginomica

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

AllegroGraph logo

Graph Database Leader for AI Knowledge Graph Applications - The Most Secure Graph Database Available.
Free Download

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

Present your product here