DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Geode vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Geode vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

geode.apache.org

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

geode.apache.org/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2002

2005

2010

1989

Current release

1.1, February 2017

2.2.220, July 2023

V12

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Transact SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, with always 3 replicas available

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes, on a single node

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights per client and object definable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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