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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle vs. OrigoDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Oracle vs. OrigoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used RDBMSA fully ACID in-memory object graph database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#53  Document stores
#20  Object oriented DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­databaseorigodb.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftapple.github.io/­foundationdbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databaseorigodb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)FoundationDBMicrosoftOracleRobert Friberg et al
Initial release20122013201919802009 infounder the name LiveDB
Current release6.2.28, November 2020cloud service with continuous releases23c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C and C++C#
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesUser defined using .NET types and collections
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno infocan be achieved using .NET
Secondary indexesrestrictednoall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardsupported in specific SQL layer onlyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infowith proprietary extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonin SQL-layer onlyYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleyes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes infoDomain Events
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronized
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemin SQL-layer onlynoyesdepending on model
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead log
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based authorization

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftFoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOracleOrigoDB
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