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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. RisingWave

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Oracle vs. RisingWave

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceWidely used RDBMSA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.58
Rank#242  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.oracle.com/­databasewww.risingwave.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­intro
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)FoundationDBMicrosoftOracleRisingWave Labs
Initial release20122013201419802022
Current release6.2.28, November 202023c, September 20231.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C and C++Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyes infoJSON typesyesStandard SQL-types and JSON
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesrestrictednoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query languageyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonin SQL-layer onlyJavaScriptPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleUDFs in Python or Java
TriggersnonoJavaScriptyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemin SQL-layer onlynoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and Roles

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftFoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBOracleRisingWave
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