CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.

Implementation language

Java

C++

C and C++

C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Proprietary native API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

.Net
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

Ada

in MySQL-compatible model
C

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
C++

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
D

in MySQL-compatible model
Delphi

in MySQL-compatible model
Eiffel

in MySQL-compatible model
Erlang

in MySQL-compatible model
Haskell

in MySQL-compatible model
Java

in Oracle- and MySQL- compatible models
JavaScript (Node.js)

in MySQL-compatible model
Objective-C

in MySQL-compatible model
OCaml

in MySQL-compatible model
Perl

in MySQL-compatible model
PHP

in MySQL-compatible model
Python

in MySQL-compatible model
Ruby

in MySQL-compatible model
Scheme

in MySQL-compatible model
Tcl

in MySQL-compatible model

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions (Javascript)

PL/SQL in oracle-compatible mode, MySQL Stored Procedure in mysql-compatible mode

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

user defined functions in Python

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by hash, key, range, range columns, list, and list columns)

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

horizontal and vertical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

rights management via user accounts

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
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OceanBase Database is the world’s only native distributed database that has set new...
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Competitive advantages

Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
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High Availability : The five IDCs across three sites disaster recovery solution sets...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
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Key customers

Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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OceanBase Database has helped over 400 customers across industries upgrade their...
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Market metrics

The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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TPC-C No.1 Performance , achieved a result of 707.35 million tpmC in the TPC-C benchmark...
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Licensing and pricing models

See CrateDB pricing >
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Mulan PubL v2 license for open source community edition. Commercial license for enterprise...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.