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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. Ignite vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. Ignite vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.11
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.orgignite.apache.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software FoundationOpenLink Software
Initial release2012200820151998
Current release4.1.3, July 2023Apache Ignite 2.67.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageCJavaC++, Java, .NetC
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonnoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)yes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesyes (cache interceptors and events)yes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes (replicated cache)Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)yes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftCassandraIgniteVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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