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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. H2 vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. H2 vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.orgwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-db
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlspotify.github.io/­heroiclearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-db
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookThomas MuellerSpotifyMicrosoft
Initial release20122008200520142014
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infoJSON types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestrictedrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by default
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsnoJavaScript
TriggersnoyesyesnoJavaScript
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"noneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item level
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftCassandraH2HeroicMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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