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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Cassandra vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftphoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftphoenix.apache.orgcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookStardog-Union
Initial release2012201420082010
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20194.1.3, July 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonuser defined functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnonoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoHadoop integrationyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftApache PhoenixCassandraStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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