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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. IBM Db2 vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Impala vs. IBM Db2 vs. Oracle vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWidely used RDBMSWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.oracle.com/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2docs.oracle.com/­en/­databasedocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaIBMOracleOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release201220131983 infohost version19801994
Current release4.1.0, June 202212.1, October 201623c, September 202318.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++C and C++C and C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleno
Triggersnonoyesyesyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factoryes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'yes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftApache ImpalaIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2OracleOracle Berkeley DB
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