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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftdruid.apache.orgwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation and contributorsOntotextMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20122012200020102007
Current release29.0.1, April 202410.4, October 2023V125.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCJavaJavaC++Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL for queryingstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersnononoyesyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesMulti-source replicationyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftApache DruidGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4j
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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