DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. FoundationDB vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. FoundationDB vs. HBase vs. Microsoft SQL Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

druid.apache.org

github.com/apple/foundationdb

hbase.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

apple.github.io/foundationdb

hbase.apache.org/book.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

FoundationDB

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2013

2008

1989

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

6.2.28, November 2020

2.3.4, January 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL for querying

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

in SQL-layer only

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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