DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. Couchbase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Apache Druid vs. Couchbase vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store

Secondary database models

Key-value store

originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS

using the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	16.59
Rank	#36	Overall
	#5	Document stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	2.34
Rank	#112	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

druid.apache.org

www.couchbase.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

pouchdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.couchbase.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

pouchdb.com/guides

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Couchbase, Inc.

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2011

2014

2012

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C, C++, Go and Erlang

JavaScript

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL for querying

SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++

JavaScript

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

via the TAP protocol

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Automatic Sharding

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication

including cross data center replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

selectable on a per-operation basis

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Ephemeral buckets

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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