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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. atoti vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. atoti vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonatoti  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudAn in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score0.56
Rank#245  Overall
#10  Object oriented DBMS
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbatoti.iocloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.atoti.iocloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperAmazonActiveViamGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release201220101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2012
Current release16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercial infofree versions availablecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCJava
Server operating systemshostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoMultidimensional Expressions (MDX)yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPythonuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBatotiGoogle BigQueryPostgreSQLTitan
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