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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Heroic vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Citus vs. Heroic vs. PostgreSQL vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Vector DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.citusdata.comspotify.github.io/­heroicwww.postgresql.org/­docsweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperAmazonSpotifyPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerWeaviate B.V.
Initial release2012201020141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release8.1, December 201816.2, February 20241.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageCJavaCGo
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)nononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBCitusHeroicPostgreSQLWeaviate
Specific characteristicsWeaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesFlexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosAs a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersAll companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsAs of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsWeaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBCitusHeroicPostgreSQLWeaviate
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