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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Galaxybase vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Galaxybase vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGalaxybase  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLScalable, ACID-compliant native distributed parallel graph platformHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Wide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document storeDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.07
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#39  Graph DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgalaxybase.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.citusdata.comdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookChuanglin(Createlink) Technology Co., Ltd 浙江创邻科技有限公司Yugabyte Inc.
Initial release20122008201020172017
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.1, December 2018Nov 20, November 20212.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationsOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaCC and JavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesStrong typed schemadepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Browser interface
console (shell)
Graph API (Gremlin)
OpenCypher
Proprietary native API
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined procedures and functionsyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdayesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)yesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBCassandraCitusGalaxybaseYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
Amazon DynamoDBCassandraCitusGalaxybaseYugabyteDB
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