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DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Cassandra vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon DynamoDB  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MongoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloudLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score74.45
Rank#17  Overall
#3  Document stores
#2  Key-value stores
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.60
Rank#246  Overall
#39  Document stores
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­dynamodbaws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.orgwww.percona.com/­mongodb/­software/­percona-server-for-mongodbvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­dynamodbdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.percona.com/­percona-distribution-for-mongodbdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazonAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)Apache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookPerconaOpenLink Software
Initial release20122012200820151998
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.4.10-2.10, November 20177.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree tier for a limited amount of database operationscommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPL Version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageCJavaC++C
Server operating systemshostedhostedBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesrestrictedrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
proprietary protocol using JSONADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin PythonnoJavaScriptyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infoby integration with AWS Lambdanoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infomay be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)noyesyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and regionACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infovia In-Memory Engineyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users and rolesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon DynamoDBAmazon RedshiftCassandraPercona Server for MongoDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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