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DBMS > Altibase vs. Cassandra vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. Cassandra vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAltibase  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMSWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.07
Rank#186  Overall
#87  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitealtibase.comcassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­ALTIBASE/­Documents/­tree/­master/­Manualscassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.immudb.iolearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAltibaseApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCodenotaryMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release19992008202019892010
Current releasev7.3, 2023, August 20234.1.3, July 20231.2.3, April 2022SQL Server 2022, November 20227.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoOpen source edition discontinued with March 2023Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaGoC++Java
Server operating systemsAIX
HP-UX
Linux
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLANSI SQL-92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like syntaxyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC
C++
Java
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresstored procedures and stored functionsnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
AltibaseCassandraImmudbMicrosoft SQL ServerStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

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More resources
AltibaseCassandraImmudbMicrosoft SQL ServerStardog
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