DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Wide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgcassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20142008201119892017
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20222.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaScriptJavaC++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"nonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storageno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
AlaSQLCassandraLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesCassandra Forward event: Want to level up your Cassandra game? Watch now replays of the March 2023 sessions.
» more

CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more
Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
AlaSQLCassandraLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerYugabyteDB
DB-Engines blog posts

Cassandra keeps climbing the ranks of the DB-Engines Ranking
3 May 2016, Matthias Gelbmann

Oracle is the DBMS of the Year
5 January 2016, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Winners, losers and an attractive newcomer in Novembers DB-Engines ranking
2 November 2015, Paul Andlinger

show all

MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019
3 January 2020, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire
2 May 2017, Paul Andlinger

Microsoft SQL Server is the DBMS of the Year
4 January 2017, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

show all

Recent citations in the news

Create a Marvel Database with SQL and Javascript, the easy way
2 July 2019, Towards Data Science

HarperDB - How and Why We Built It From The Ground Up on NodeJS
28 February 2021, hackernoon.com

Multi faceted data exploration in the browser using Leaflet and amCharts
3 May 2020, Towards Data Science

provided by Google News

Why Apache Cassandra 5.0 Is a Game-Changer for Developers
10 May 2024, The New Stack

Here's What to Know About Apache Cassandra 5.0
15 April 2024, hackernoon.com

How Uber Optimized Cassandra Operations At Scale
20 July 2023, Uber

Cassandra is the “best f*cking database for gen AI,” says DataStax CEO
13 December 2023, VentureBeat

Microsoft extends life support for aging Apache Cassandra 3.11 database
10 October 2023, The Register

provided by Google News

LevelDB in Ruby — SitePoint
22 October 2014, SitePoint

Microsoft Teams stores auth tokens as cleartext in Windows, Linux, Macs
14 September 2022, BleepingComputer

Pliops unveils XDP-Rocks for RocksDB – Blocks and Files
19 October 2022, Blocks & Files

XanMod, Liquorix Kernels Offer Some Advantages On AMD Ryzen 5 Notebook
26 July 2021, Phoronix

Rust-Based Info Stealers Abuse GitHub Codespaces
19 May 2023, Trend Micro

provided by Google News

Data Virtualization in SQL Server 2022
7 May 2024, Visual Studio Magazine

Why migrate Windows Server and SQL Server to Azure: ROI, innovation, and free offers
25 April 2024, Microsoft

Containerize SQL Server workloads with Amazon EKS and DH2i | Amazon Web Services
28 March 2024, AWS Blog

May 2024 Patch Tuesday forecast: A reminder of recent threats and impact
10 May 2024, Help Net Security

How to Know When It's Time for a Microsoft SQL Server Upgrade
31 October 2023, BizTech Magazine

provided by Google News

Yugabyte Achieves PCI DSS Level 1 Compliance, Validating Secure and Scalable Distributed PostgreSQL for ...
14 March 2024, Business Wire

YugabyteDB Becomes First Distributed SQL Database Vendor to Complete CIS Benchmark
1 February 2024, Datanami

Yugabyte Embraces 'No Downtime, No Limits,' as the Theme of the Upcoming Distributed SQL Summit Asia
17 April 2024, Yahoo Finance Australia

The surprising link between Formula One and enterprise PostgreSQL optimisation
28 March 2024, The Stack

Yugabyte adds multiregion Kubernetes support to YugabyteDB 2.18
24 May 2023, InfoWorld

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

AllegroGraph logo

Graph Database Leader for AI Knowledge Graph Applications - The Most Secure Graph Database Available.
Free Download

Present your product here