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DBMS > 4D vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. Warp 10

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. Warp 10

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonWarp 10  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTimeSeries DBMS specialized on timestamped geo data based on LevelDB or HBase
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#349  Overall
#32  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comcassandra.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.comwww.warp10.io
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docswww.warp10.io/­content/­02_Getting_started
Developer4D, IncApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.SenX
Initial release19842008201020072015
Current releasev20, April 20234.1.3, July 2023V125.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache License 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesnono
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP API
Jupyter
WebSocket
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infoWarpScript
Triggersyesyesyesyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infono "single point of failure"yes using Neo4j FabricSharding infobased on HBase
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyselectable replication factor infobased on HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency infobased on HBase
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Mandatory use of cryptographic tokens, containing fine-grained authorizations
More information provided by the system vendor
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionCassandraMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4jWarp 10
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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