DBMS > 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Oracle vs. WakandaDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Oracle vs. WakandaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

Widely used RDBMS

WakandaDB is embedded in a server that provides a REST API and a server-side javascript engine to access data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Object oriented DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#108	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#364	Overall
	#17	Object oriented DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/bigtable

www.oracle.com/database

wakanda.github.io

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database

wakanda.github.io/doc

Developer

4D, Inc

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Oracle

Wakanda SAS

Initial release

1984

2012

2015

1980

2012

Current release

v20, April 2023

23c, September 2023

2.7.0 (April 29, 2019), April 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPLv3, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++, JavaScript

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in Python

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

yes

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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