DBMS > RDFox vs. Redis vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison RDFox vs. Redis vs. SingleStore vs. TiDB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Description

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Popular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments

Redis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Key-value store

Multiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistence

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store

with RedisJSON
Graph DBMS

with RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

with RediSearch
Time Series DBMS

with RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.23
Rank	#308	Overall
	#25	Graph DBMS
	#14	RDF stores

Score	157.80
Rank	#6	Overall
	#1	Key-value stores

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

redis.com
redis.io

www.singlestore.com

pingcap.com

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

Technical documentation

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

docs.redis.com/latest/index.html
redis.io/docs

docs.singlestore.com

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

Developer

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo

Development sponsored by Redis Inc.

SingleStore Inc.

PingCAP, Inc.

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Initial release

2017

2009

2013

2016

2012

Current release

6.0, Septermber 2022

7.2.4, January 2024

8.5, January 2024

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprise

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C++

C++, Go

Go, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
macOS
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

ported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

partial

Supported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

with RediSearch module

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

with RediSQL module

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

Supported programming languages

C
Java

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Clojure
Java
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Lua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)

yes

Triggers

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGears

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Automatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual sharding

Sharding

hash partitioning

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

replication via a shared file system

Multi-source replication

with Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication

Chained replication is supported

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

through RedisGears

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

yes

with TiSpark Connector

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Eventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

yes

Relationships in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Configurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logs

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Roles, resources, and access types

Access Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/docs/management/security/acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/docs/management/security/encryption
Password-based authentication

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.