DBMS > PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Tarantool vs. Teradata vs. Weaviate
System Properties Comparison PostgreSQL vs. RethinkDB vs. Tarantool vs. Teradata vs. Weaviate
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| Name | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | RethinkDB Xexclude from comparison | Tarantool Xexclude from comparison | Teradata Xexclude from comparison | Weaviate Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime. | In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications | A hybrid cloud data analytics software platform (Teradata Vantage) | An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Document store | Document store Key-value store Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS | Spatial DBMS with Tarantool/GIS extension | Document store Graph DBMS Spatial DBMS Time Series DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.postgresql.org | rethinkdb.com | www.tarantool.io | www.teradata.com | github.com/weaviate/weaviate weaviate.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.postgresql.org/docs | rethinkdb.com/docs | www.tarantool.io/en/doc | docs.teradata.com | weaviate.io/developers/weaviate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | The Linux Foundation since July 2017 | VK | Teradata | Weaviate B.V. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2009 | 2008 | 1984 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 16.4, August 2024 | 2.4.1, August 2020 | 2.10.0, May 2022 | Teradata Vantage 1.0 MU2, January 2019 | 1.19, May 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2 | Open Source BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise | commercial | Open Source commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C | C++ | C and C++ | Go | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux OS X Windows | BSD Linux macOS | hosted Linux | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | schema-free | Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns | yes | yes, maps to GraphQL interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry | string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime | yes | yes string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes Join-index to prejoin tables, aggregate index, sparse index, hash index | yes all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | Full-featured ANSI SQL support | yes SQL 2016 + extensions | GraphQL is used as query language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Open binary protocol | .NET Client API HTTP REST JDBC JMS Adapter ODBC OLE DB | GraphQL query language RESTful HTTP/JSON API | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | C community-supported driver C# community-supported driverC++ community-supported driverClojure community-supported driverDart community-supported driverErlang community-supported driverGo community-supported driverHaskell community-supported driverJava official driverJavaScript (Node.js) official driverLisp community-supported driverLua community-supported driverObjective-C community-supported driverPerl community-supported driverPHP community-supported driverPython official driverRuby official driverScala community-supported driver | C C# C++ Erlang Go Java JavaScript Lua Perl PHP Python Rust | C C++ Cobol Java (JDBC-ODBC) Perl PL/1 Python R Ruby | JavaScript / TypeScript Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Lua, C and SQL stored procedures | yes UDFs, stored procedures, table functions in parallel | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | Client-side triggers through changefeeds | yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding range based | Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime. | Sharding Hashing | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Source-replica replication | Asynchronous replication with multi-master option Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star) Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft) | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | yes | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Casual consistency across sharding partitions Eventual consistency within replicaset partition when using asyncronous replicationImmediate Consistency within single instance Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition when using Raft | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | no | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | Atomic single-document operations | ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes MVCC based | yes, cooperative multitasking | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes, write ahead logging | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes users and table-level permissions | Access Control Lists Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise Password based authentication Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise Users and Roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | API Keys OpenID Connect Discovery | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PostgreSQL | RethinkDB | Tarantool | Teradata | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | All companies that have data. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3rd parties | CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details. » more Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems. » more Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL » more Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development. » more pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring. » more SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more. » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PostgreSQL | RethinkDB | Tarantool | Teradata | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Meet some database management systems you are likely to hear more about in the future | Data processing speed and reliability: in-memory synchronous replication | Teradata is the most popular data warehouse DBMS | Weaviate, an ANN Database with CRUD support PASS Data Community Summit YugabyteDB 2.19 gets new PostgreSQL-compatibility features YugabyteDB evolves into a distributed PostgreSQL database for apps that need resilience and scale Top 50+ Most Asked PostgreSQL Interview Questions 2024 YugabyteDB Evolves PostgreSQL to a Distributed Architecture for Modern, Cloud-Native Applications Synopsis of several compelling features in PostgreSQL 16 | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News An introduction to building realtime apps with RethinkDB Stripe acquires team behind NoSQL database startup RethinkDB How to Use RethinkDB with Node.js Applications How to deploy RethinkDB using Docker Installing and Using RethinkDB on Ubuntu provided by Google News Deploying Tarantool Cartridge applications with zero effort (Part 1) VShard — horizontal scaling in Tarantool Accelerating PHP connectors for Tarantool using Async, Swoole, and Parallel provided by Google News Teradata’s Trusted AI powers innovation at Teradata Possible 2024 Teradata Co. (NYSE:TDC) Receives Consensus Recommendation of "Hold" from Analysts Teradata: Award-Winning Tech Firm Has Capital Gains Potential At Undervalued Price (NYSE:TDC) Teradata wants you to think differently about data and innovation – and take inspiration from the likes of Shazam Analytics and Data Science News for the Week of September 20; Updates from Firebolt, Qrvey, Teradata & More provided by Google News Vector database startup Weaviate debuts ‘AI workbench’ and flexible storage tiers Weaviate Achieves Amazon Web Services GenAI Competency Status Weaviate Enhances Cloud Console with New Collections and Explorer Tools for AI Developers StructuredRAG Released by Weaviate: A Comprehensive Benchmark to Evaluate Large Language Models’ Ability to Generate Reliable JSON Outputs for Complex AI Systems Build enterprise-ready generative AI solutions with Cohere foundation models in Amazon Bedrock and Weaviate vector database on AWS Marketplace provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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