DBMS > Oracle vs. PlanetScale vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. SurrealDB
System Properties Comparison Oracle vs. PlanetScale vs. PostgreSQL vs. Solr vs. SurrealDB
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| Name | Oracle Xexclude from comparison | PlanetScale Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Solr Xexclude from comparison | SurrealDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Widely used RDBMS | Scalable, distributed, serverless MySQL database platform built on top of Vitess | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene | A fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Search engine | Document store Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphRDF store with Oracle Spatial and GraphSpatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphVector DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document store Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Spatial DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.oracle.com/database | planetscale.com | www.postgresql.org | solr.apache.org | surrealdb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.oracle.com/en/database | planetscale.com/docs | www.postgresql.org/docs | solr.apache.org/resources.html | surrealdb.com/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Oracle | PlanetScale | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Apache Software Foundation | SurrealDB Ltd | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 1980 | 2020 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2006 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 23c, September 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 9.6.1, May 2024 | v1.5.0, May 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial restricted free version is available | commercial | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2 | Open Source | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | yes | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C and C++ | Go | C | Java | Rust | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | Docker Linux macOS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | All OS with a Java VM runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included) | Linux macOS Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | yes | yes | yes Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes supports customizable data types and automatic typing | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes with proprietary extensions | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | Solr Parallel SQL Interface | SQL-like query language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC MySQL protocol ODBC | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | GraphQL RESTful HTTP API WebSocket | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | Ada C C# C++ D Delphi Eiffel Erlang Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Objective-C OCaml Perl PHP Python Ruby Scheme Tcl | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net Erlang Java JavaScript any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | Deno Go JavaScript (Node.js) Rust | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | PL/SQL also stored procedures in Java possible | yes proprietary syntax | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | Java plugins | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes | yes | yes User configurable commands triggered on index changes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no can be realized in PL/SQL | no | no | spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency across shards Immediate Consistency within a shard | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | yes not for MyISAM storage engine | yes | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID isolation level can be parameterized | ACID at shard level | ACID | optimistic locking | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes table locks or row locks depending on storage engine | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | yes | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Users with fine-grained authorization concept no user groups or roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | yes | yes, based on authentication and database rules | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Oracle | PlanetScale | PostgreSQL | Solr | SurrealDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019 The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire Architecting eCommerce Platforms for Zero Downtime on Black Friday and Beyond | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | Elasticsearch replaced Solr as the most popular search engine Enterprise Search Engines almost double their popularity in the last 12 months The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conferences, events and webinars | Oracle Cloud World | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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