DBMS > MongoDB vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. VelocityDB vs. Weaviate
System Properties Comparison MongoDB vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. VelocityDB vs. Weaviate
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| Name | MongoDB Xexclude from comparison | Oracle Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | VelocityDB Xexclude from comparison | Weaviate Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure | Widely used RDBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS  Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph) | An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Graph DBMS Object oriented DBMS | Vector DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS Search engine integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.Time Series DBMS Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0Vector DBMS currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only | Document store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphRDF store with Oracle Spatial and GraphSpatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and GraphVector DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.mongodb.com | www.oracle.com/database | www.postgresql.org | velocitydb.com | github.com/weaviate/weaviate weaviate.io | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.mongodb.com/docs/manual | docs.oracle.com/en/database | www.postgresql.org/docs | velocitydb.com/UserGuide | weaviate.io/developers/weaviate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | MongoDB, Inc | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | VelocityDB Inc | Weaviate B.V. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2009 | 1980 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2011 | 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 6.0.7, June 2023 | 23c, September 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 7.x | 1.19, May 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available. | commercial restricted free version is available | Open Source BSD | commercial | Open Source commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas) | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C++ | C and C++ | C | C# | Go | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Any that supports .NET | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema. | yes Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | yes | yes | yes, maps to GraphQL interface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial | yes | yes | yes | yes string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | no | GraphQL is used as query language | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | GraphQL HTTP REST Prisma proprietary protocol using JSON | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | .Net | GraphQL query language RESTful HTTP/JSON API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | Actionscript unofficial driver C C# C++ Clojure unofficial driverColdFusion unofficial driverD unofficial driverDart unofficial driverDelphi unofficial driverErlang Go Groovy unofficial driverHaskell Java JavaScript Kotlin Lisp unofficial driverLua unofficial driverMatLab unofficial driverPerl PHP PowerShell unofficial driverProlog unofficial driverPython R unofficial driverRuby Rust Scala Smalltalk unofficial driverSwift | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | .Net | JavaScript / TypeScript Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | JavaScript | PL/SQL also stored procedures in Java possible | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes in MongoDB Atlas only | yes | yes | Callbacks are triggered when data changes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime. | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Sharding | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters Source-replica replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no can be realized in PL/SQL | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency can be individually decided for each read operation Immediate Consistency default behaviour | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | yes | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation | ACID isolation level can be parameterized | ACID | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes optional, enabled by default | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2 | yes Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Based on Windows Authentication | API Keys OpenID Connect Discovery | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MongoDB | Oracle | PostgreSQL | VelocityDB | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate... » more | Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer... » more | Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of... » more | As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,... » more | All companies that have data. » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month... » more | As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses... » more | Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 3rd parties | CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more Navicat for MongoDB gives you a highly effective GUI interface for MongoDB database management, administration and development. » more Studio 3T: The world's favorite IDE for working with MongoDB » more | Navicat for Oracle improves the efficiency and productivity of Oracle developers and administrators with a streamlined working environment. » more Devart ODBC driver for Oracle accesses Oracle databases from ODBC-compliant reporting, analytics, BI, and ETL tools on both 32 and 64-bit Windows, macOS, and Linux. » more | pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring. » more Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today! » more Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance. » more Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users. » more Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems. » more SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more. » more Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools. » more Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development. » more CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details. » more Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MongoDB | Oracle | PostgreSQL | VelocityDB | Weaviate | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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