DBMS > MongoDB vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB
System Properties Comparison MongoDB vs. Oracle vs. PostgreSQL vs. Trino vs. VelocityDB
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Name | MongoDB Xexclude from comparison | Oracle Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | Trino Xexclude from comparison | VelocityDB Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure | Widely used RDBMS | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL | A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Document store | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | Graph DBMS Object oriented DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS Search engine integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only. Time Series DBMS Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0 Vector DBMS currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only | Document store Graph DBMS with Oracle Spatial and Graph RDF store with Oracle Spatial and Graph Spatial DBMS with Oracle Spatial and Graph Vector DBMS since Oracle 23 | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store Key-value store Spatial DBMS Search engine Time Series DBMS Wide column store | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | www.mongodb.com | www.oracle.com/database | www.postgresql.org | trino.io | velocitydb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | www.mongodb.com/docs/manual | docs.oracle.com/en/database | www.postgresql.org/docs | trino.io/broadcast trino.io/docs/current | velocitydb.com/UserGuide | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Developer | MongoDB, Inc | Oracle | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Trino Software Foundation | VelocityDB Inc | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2009 | 1980 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2012 2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 6.0.7, June 2023 | 23c, September 2023 | 16.3, May 2024 | 7.x | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available. | commercial restricted free version is available | Open Source BSD | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas) | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Implementation language | C++ | C and C++ | C | Java | C# | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | Linux OS X Solaris Windows | AIX HP-UX Linux OS X Solaris Windows z/OS | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux macOS for devlopment | Any that supports .NET | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | schema-free Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema. | yes Schemaless in JSON and XML columns | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes | depending on connected data-source | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface | yes with proprietary extensions | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | GraphQL HTTP REST Prisma proprietary protocol using JSON | JDBC ODBC ODP.NET Oracle Call Interface (OCI) | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | JDBC RESTful HTTP API Trino CLI | .Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | Actionscript unofficial driver C C# C++ Clojure unofficial driver ColdFusion unofficial driver D unofficial driver Dart unofficial driver Delphi unofficial driver Erlang Go Groovy unofficial driver Haskell Java JavaScript Kotlin Lisp unofficial driver Lua unofficial driver MatLab unofficial driver Perl PHP PowerShell unofficial driver Prolog unofficial driver Python R unofficial driver Ruby Rust Scala Smalltalk unofficial driver Swift | C C# C++ Clojure Cobol Delphi Eiffel Erlang Fortran Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Lisp Objective C OCaml Perl PHP Python R Ruby Scala Tcl Visual Basic | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python R Ruby | .Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | JavaScript | PL/SQL also stored procedures in Java possible | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes, depending on connected data-source | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | yes in MongoDB Atlas only | yes | yes | no | Callbacks are triggered when data changes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime. | Sharding, horizontal partitioning | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | depending on connected data-source | Sharding | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters Source-replica replication | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | depending on connected data-source | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes | no can be realized in PL/SQL | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency can be individually decided for each read operation Immediate Consistency default behaviour | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | depending on connected data-source | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible | yes | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation | ACID isolation level can be parameterized | ACID | depending on connected data-source | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes optional, enabled by default | yes | yes | depending on connected data-source | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2 | yes Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory' | no | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | SQL standard access control | Based on Windows Authentication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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MongoDB | Oracle | PostgreSQL | Trino | VelocityDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Specific characteristics | MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate... » more | Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Competitive advantages | Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer... » more | High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typical application scenarios | AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of... » more | Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key customers | ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,... » more | Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software.... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market metrics | Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month... » more | 33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Licensing and pricing models | MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses... » more | Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
News | 60: Trino calling AI Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup 59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024 Time travel in Delta Lake connector | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MongoDB | Oracle | PostgreSQL | Trino | VelocityDB | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020 PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2018 | MySQL is the DBMS of the Year 2019 The struggle for the hegemony in Oracle's database empire Architecting eCommerce Platforms for Zero Downtime on Black Friday and Beyond | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Conferences, events and webinars | Oracle Cloud World | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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