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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. TerarkDB vs. TiDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. RavenDB vs. TerarkDB vs. TiDB vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document storeDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score829.80
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#101  Overall
#17  Document stores
Score0.04
Rank#377  Overall
#58  Key-value stores
Score4.94
Rank#72  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score5.10
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverravendb.netgithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbpingcap.comtrino.io
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverravendb.net/­docsbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabletrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperMicrosoftHibernating RhinosByteDance, originally TerarkPingCAP, Inc.Trino Software Foundation
Initial release19892010201620162012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20225.4, July 20227.6.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availablecommercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageC++C#C++Go, RustJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query language (RQL)noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Java API
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayesnonoyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersyesyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range)depending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replicationnoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.depending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes infofull support since version 6.6no
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availablenoACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databasenoFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerRavenDBTerarkDBTiDBTrino
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerRavenDBTerarkDBTiDBTrino
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