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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. Sadas Engine vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. Riak TS vs. Sadas Engine vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRiak TS  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLRiak TS is a distributed NoSQL database optimized for time series data and based on Riak KVSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environmentsTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#318  Overall
#27  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#159  Relational DBMS
Score4.09
Rank#72  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.orgwww.sadasengine.compingcap.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.postgresql.org/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­ts/­latestwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentationdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOpen Source, formerly Basho TechnologiesSADAS s.r.l.PingCAP, Inc.
Initial release19891989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520062016
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.4, August 20243.0.0, September 20228.08.2.0, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Sourcecommercial infofree trial version availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++CErlangC++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
AIX
Linux
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesrestrictedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes, limitedyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Erlangnono
Triggersyesyesyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooksnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardinghorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsselectable replication factornoneUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesno infolinks between datasets can be storedyesyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'no
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standardFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLRiak TSSadas EngineTiDB
Specific characteristicsTiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more
Competitive advantages- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more
Typical application scenariosTiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more
Key customersBlock, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more
Market metrics34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerPostgreSQLRiak TSSadas EngineTiDB
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