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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used in-process key-value storeWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OraclePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSTS Soft SC
Initial release198919941989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2011
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202218.1.40, May 202016.3, May 20244.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)CC#
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

More information provided by the system vendor

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
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Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
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CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
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Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
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pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
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Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerOracle Berkeley DBPostgreSQLSTSdb
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