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DBMS > Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. WakandaDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. Stardog vs. WakandaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonWakandaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationWakandaDB is embedded in a server that provides a REST API and a server-side javascript engine to access data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.03
Rank#364  Overall
#17  Object oriented DBMS
Websitewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgresql.orgwww.stardog.comwakanda.github.io
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.stardog.comwakanda.github.io/­doc
DeveloperMicrosoftVesoft Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerStardog-UnionWakanda SAS
Initial release198920191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20102012
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 202216.3, May 20247.3.0, May 20202.7.0 (April 29, 2019), April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoAGPLv3, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++C++CJavaC++, JavaScript
Server operating systemsLinux
Windows
LinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesStrong typed schemayesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serverno
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javauser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes
Triggersyesyesyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication in HA-Clusternone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft SQL ServerNebulaGraphPostgreSQLStardogWakandaDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Microsoft SQL ServerNebulaGraphPostgreSQLStardogWakandaDB
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