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DBMS > etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Splice Machine

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. Splice Machine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonSplice Machine  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresOpen-Source SQL RDBMS for Operational and Analytical use cases with native Machine Learning, powered by Hadoop and Spark
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.54
Rank#250  Overall
#114  Relational DBMS
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlsplicemachine.com
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docssplicemachine.com/­how-it-works
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSybase, SAPSplice Machine
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL19932014
Current release3.4, August 201916.2, February 20243.1, March 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL 3.0, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC++CJava
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
Native Spark Datasource
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Delphi
Perl
PHP
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes infoJava
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnoneShared Nothhing Auto-Sharding, Columnar Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoYes, via Full Spark Integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configuredyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
etcdMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSSplice Machine
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