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DBMS > etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.oxfordsemantic.techwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
docs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOxford Semantic TechnologiesSybase, SAP
Initial release20161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20171993
Current release3.4, August 201916.2, February 20246.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageGoC++CC++
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersyes, watching key changesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsreplication via a shared file systemMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access typesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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More resources
etcdMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLRDFoxSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
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