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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. Trafodion vs. Valentina Server

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. PostgreSQL vs. Snowflake vs. Trafodion vs. Valentina Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparisonValentina Server  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMSObject-relational database and reports server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#327  Overall
#145  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.postgresql.orgwww.snowflake.comtrafodion.apache.orgwww.valentina-db.net
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.htmlvalentina-db.com/­docs/­dokuwiki/­v5/­doku.php
DeveloperMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSnowflake Computing Inc.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HPParadigma Software
Initial release20101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201420141999
Current releaseV1216.3, May 20242.3.0, February 20195.7.5
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.yesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net.Net
C
C#
C++
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
Visual Basic
Visual Basic.NET
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.user defined functionsJava Stored Proceduresyes
Triggersyesyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBaseno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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3rd partiesNavicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
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SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzurePostgreSQLSnowflakeTrafodionValentina Server
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