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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. SingleStore vs. Stardog vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. SingleStore vs. Stardog vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score1.93
Rank#121  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score0.86
Rank#202  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.comwww.singlestore.comwww.stardog.comvitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docsdocs.singlestore.comdocs.stardog.comvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.SingleStore Inc.Stardog-UnionThe Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20102007201320102013
Current releaseV125.23, August 20248.5, January 20247.3.0, May 202015.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaC++, GoJavaGo
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinux
macOS
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Javayes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyesyes infovia event handlernoyes infovia event handlersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricSharding infohash partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodesMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterEventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Fine grained access control via users, groups and rolesAccess rights for users and rolesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4jSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLStardogVitess
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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