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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. Realm vs. Redis vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Neo4j vs. Realm vs. Redis vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonRedis  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataPopular in-memory data platform used as a cache, message broker, and database that can be deployed on-premises, across clouds, and hybrid environments infoRedis focuses on performance so most of its design decisions prioritize high performance and very low latencies.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeKey-value store infoMultiple data types and a rich set of operations, as well as configurable data expiration, eviction and persistenceGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store infowith RedisJSON
Graph DBMS infowith RedisGraph
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infowith RediSearch
Time Series DBMS infowith RedisTimeSeries
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score157.80
Rank#6  Overall
#1  Key-value stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseneo4j.comrealm.ioredis.com
redis.io
www.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlneo4j.com/­docsrealm.io/­docsdocs.redis.com/­latest/­index.html
redis.io/­docs
docs.stardog.com
DeveloperMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Redis project core team, inspired by Salvatore Sanfilippo infoDevelopment sponsored by Redis Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20102007201420092010
Current releaseV125.20, May 20247.2.5, May 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen SourceOpen Source infosource-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Redis Enterprisecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.Aiven for Redis: Fully managed in-memory key-value store for all your caching and speedy lookup needs.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows infoported and maintained by Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc.
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesyes infowith RediSearch moduleyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonowith RediSQL moduleYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocolGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryLua; Redis Functions coming in Redis 7 (slides and Github)user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryes infoChange Listenerspublish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality; RedisGearsyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes using Neo4j FabricnoneSharding infoAutomatic hash-based sharding with support for hash-tags for manual shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynoneMulti-source replication infowith Redis Enterprise Pack
Source-replica replication infoChained replication is supported
Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononothrough RedisGearsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Causal consistency can be enabled in Active-Active databases
Strong consistency with Redis Raft
Strong eventual consistency with Active-Active
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDAtomic execution of command blocks and scripts and optimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the serveryes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoIn-Memory realmyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yesAccess Control Lists (ACLs): redis.io/­docs/­management/­security/­acl
LDAP and Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Redis Enterprise
Mutual TLS authentication: redis.io/­docs/­management/­security/­encryption
Password-based authentication
Access rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNeo4jRealmRedisStardog
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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