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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMSScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­databaseterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftOracleDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2010198919802018
Current releaseV12SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 202311.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++C++C and C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columnsyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possibleyes
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioningGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono infocan be realized in PL/SQLno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterizedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerOracleTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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