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DBMS > Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB vs. Oracle

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score1236.29
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databasewww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqllearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdoc.nuodb.comdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Oracle
Initial release2010198920131980
Current releaseV12SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyesyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresTransact SQLTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaJava, SQLPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtenSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with always 3 replicas availableyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoTemporary tableyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Microsoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureMicrosoft SQL ServerNuoDBOracle
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