DB-EnginesExtremeDB for everyone with an RTOSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NebulaGraph vs. PostgreSQL vs. YugabyteDB

Please select another system to include it in the comparison.

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.postgresql.orgwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperMicrosoftVesoft Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerYugabyte Inc.
Initial release201420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current release16.2, February 20242.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageC++CC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeStrong typed schemayesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes infosql, plpgsql, C
TriggersJavaScriptyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocolSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsBased on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNebulaGraphPostgreSQLYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services
3rd partiesCData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers.
» more
Navicat for PostgreSQL is an easy-to-use graphical tool for PostgreSQL database development.
» more

Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
» more

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
» more

pgDash: In-Depth PostgreSQL Monitoring.
» more

Redgate webinars: A series of key topics for new PostgreSQL users.
» more

Fujitsu Enterprise Postgres: An Enterprise Grade PostgreSQL with the flexibility of a hybrid cloud solution combined with industry leading security, availability and performance.
» more

Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
» more

SharePlex is the reliable and affordable data replication solution for PostgreSQL migrations, high availability and more.
» more

Timescale: Calling all PostgreSQL users – the 2023 State of PostgreSQL survey is now open! Share your favorite extensions, preferred frameworks, community experiences, and more. Take the survey today!
» more

Instaclustr: Fully Hosted & Managed PostgreSQL
» more

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNebulaGraphPostgreSQLYugabyteDB
DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023
2 January 2024, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year
3 January 2023, Matthias Gelbmann, Paul Andlinger

Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021
3 January 2022, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

Conferences, events and webinars

Monitoring PostgreSQL with Redgate Monitor
Webinar, 10-11am CT / 4-5pm BST, 22 May 2024

Recent citations in the news

Public preview: Change partition key of a container in Azure Cosmos DB (NoSQL API) | Azure updates
27 March 2024, Microsoft

General availability: PgAudit in Azure Cosmos DB for PostgreSQL | Azure updates
31 January 2024, Microsoft

Azure Synapse Link for Cosmos DB: New Analytics Capabilities
10 November 2023, InfoQ.com

How to Migrate Azure Cosmos DB Databases | by Arwin Lashawn
25 August 2023, DataDrivenInvestor

Azure Cosmos DB joins the AI toolchain
23 May 2023, InfoWorld

provided by Google News

NebulaGraph Enterprise v5.0: The First Distributed Graph Database to Offer Native GQL Support
18 April 2024, PR Newswire

Celebrating 10,000 GitHub Stars for NebulaGraph
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

NebulaGraph Enterprise v3.7.0 Empowers Enterprises to Build Knowledge Graphs with a Few Clicks
3 April 2024, PR Newswire

NebulaGraph reaps from China’s growing appetite for graph databases
16 September 2022, TechCrunch

Beginner’s Guide to NebulaGraph Database | by Ng Wai Foong
26 October 2022, Towards Data Science

provided by Google News

Automatically Generate Types for Your PostgreSQL Database
1 May 2024, The New Stack

Baffle Delivers Enterprise-Grade Data Security for PostgreSQL on Amazon RDS and Amazon Aurora
1 May 2024, Yahoo Finance

Why PostgreSQL Is the Bedrock for the Future of Data
26 April 2024, hackernoon.com

Crunchy Data Introduces Postgres Query Engine for Data Lakes, Crunchy Bridge for Analytics
30 April 2024, StreetInsider.com

Introducing OCI Database with PostgreSQL: Completing Our Cloud Database Suite for Every Need
14 November 2023, Oracle

provided by Google News

YugabyteDB 2.21 Introduces Industry's First Native Disaster Recovery Orchestration Solution for a Distributed SQL ...
30 April 2024, Business Wire

YugabyteDB Becomes First Distributed SQL Database Vendor to Complete CIS Benchmark
1 February 2024, Datanami

Yugabyte Achieves PCI DSS Level 1 Compliance, Validating Secure and Scalable Distributed PostgreSQL for ...
14 March 2024, Business Wire

The surprising link between Formula One and enterprise PostgreSQL optimisation
28 March 2024, The Stack

YUGABYTE'S DSS ASIA 2024: UNEARTH POWER, VERSATILITY OF DISTRIBUTED SQL
18 April 2024, BERNAMA

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

SingleStore logo

Database for your real-time AI and Analytics Apps.
Try it today.

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here