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DBMS > Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RethinkDB vs. SQLite vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RethinkDB vs. SQLite vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score24.97
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score2.58
Rank#105  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score103.35
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrethinkdb.comwww.sqlite.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dblearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverrethinkdb.com/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Dwayne Richard HippOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20141989200920001998
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20222.4.1, August 20203.46.1  (13 August 2024), August 2024Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoPublic Domaincommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-lessIBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infodynamic column typesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoJSON typesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageyesnoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes
APIs and other access methodsDocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavanoPL/SQL
TriggersJavaScriptyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding inforange basednonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodswith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*noyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACIDAtomic single-document operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousers and table-level permissionsnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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