DBMS > MariaDB vs. MongoDB vs. NuoDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison MariaDB vs. MongoDB vs. NuoDB vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

MySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.

One of the most popular document stores available both as a fully managed cloud service and for deployment on self-managed infrastructure

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Search engine

integrated Lucene index, currently in MongoDB Atlas only.
Time Series DBMS

Time Series Collections introduced in Release 5.0
Vector DBMS

currently available in the MongoDB Atlas cloud service only

Spatial DBMS

with Boeing's Spatial Query Server

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	83.44
Rank	#15	Overall
	#10	Relational DBMS

Score	410.24
Rank	#5	Overall
	#1	Document stores

Score	0.87
Rank	#201	Overall
	#94	Relational DBMS

Score	32.67
Rank	#25	Overall
	#17	Relational DBMS

Score	2.48
Rank	#108	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

mariadb.com

Site of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org

Site of MariaDB Foundation

www.mongodb.com

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

www.sap.com/products/technology-platform/sybase-ase.html

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

mariadb.com/kb/en/library

www.mongodb.com/docs/manual

doc.nuodb.com

help.sap.com/docs/SAP_ASE

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server)

The lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL

MongoDB, Inc

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

SAP, Sybase

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2009

Fork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995

2009

2013

1987

2017

Current release

11.5.2, August 2024

7.0.5, January 2024

16.0

2.19, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

GPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available

Open Source

MongoDB Inc.'s Server Side Public License v1. Prior versions were published under GNU AGPL v3.0. Commercial licenses are also available.

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

MongoDB available as DBaaS (MongoDB Atlas)

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.

MongoDB Flex @ STACKIT offers managed MongoDB Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
MongoDB Atlas: Global multi-cloud database with unmatched data distribution and mobility across AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud, built-in automation for resource and workload optimization, and so much more.

YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++

C and C++

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows

ColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic columns are supported

schema-free

Although schema-free, documents of the same collection often follow the same structure. Optionally impose all or part of a schema by defining a JSON schema.

yes

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, decimal, boolean, date, object_id, geospatial

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with proprietary extensions

Read-only SQL queries via the MongoDB Atlas SQL Interface

yes

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

GraphQL
HTTP REST
Prisma
proprietary protocol using JSON

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Actionscript

unofficial driver
C
C#
C++
Clojure

unofficial driver
ColdFusion

unofficial driver
D

unofficial driver
Dart

unofficial driver
Delphi

unofficial driver
Erlang
Go
Groovy

unofficial driver
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Lisp

unofficial driver
Lua

unofficial driver
MatLab

unofficial driver
Perl
PHP
PowerShell

unofficial driver
Prolog

unofficial driver
Python
R

unofficial driver
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Smalltalk

unofficial driver
Swift

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

PL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3

JavaScript

Java, SQL

Java and Transact-SQL

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

yes

in MongoDB Atlas only

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

several options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding

Sharding

Partitioned by hashed, ranged, or zoned sharding keys. Live resharding allows users to change their shard keys as an online operation with zero downtime.

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

horizontal partitioning

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-Source deployments with MongoDB Atlas Global Clusters
Source-replica replication

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

can be individually decided for each read operation
Immediate Consistency

default behaviour

Immediate Consistency

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

typically not used, however similar functionality with DBRef possible

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

Multi-document ACID Transactions with snapshot isolation

ACID

tunable commit protocol

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

not for in-memory storage engine

yes

optional, enabled by default

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

with MEMORY storage engine

yes

In-memory storage engine introduced with MongoDB version 3.2

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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MongoDB provides an integrated suite of cloud database and data services to accelerate...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantages

MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Built around the flexible document data model and unified API, MongoDB is a developer...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenarios

Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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AI-enriched intelligent apps (Continental, Telefonica, Iron Mountain) Internet of...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customers

Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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ADP, Adobe, Amadeus, AstraZeneca, Auto Trader, Barclays, BBVA, Bosch, Cisco, CERN,...
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Market metrics

MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Hundreds of millions downloads, over 150,000+ Atlas clusters provisioned every month...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing models

MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
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MongoDB database server: Server-Side Public License (SSPL) . Commercial licenses...
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.